What is a Distribution Board:  

Distribution boards also known as panel boards are considered one of the most important elements of the electricity supply system. The purpose of the distribution board is to split incoming electrical power feed into multiple secondary circuits. The multiple sub-circuits allow for the distribution board to have more precise control of the supply to different areas of the building. Distribution boards have the ability to isolate the circuit during abnormal conditions and to allow maintenance tasks to be carried out safely.   

Types of Distribution Boards:

There are many different distribution board types and sizes to suit different installation projects. Learn about the different types of distribution boards in detail here.

Consumer Units

Consumer units with the main switch are among the safest and most reliable protection systems for incoming mains' electricity. All circuits are completely isolated, and each is safeguarded from ground leakage by RCBOs. We offer a wide variety of consumer units and boards from trusted sellers such as GARO and many others. 

Dual RCD Consumer Units

Dual RCD consumer units provide less protection. They are made up of two circuit banks, each protected by one of two RCD breakers (residual current device). These provide effective protection against overheating, electrical fires, and inadvertent contact with live wires.

High Integrity Consumer Units

Larger buildings with many sub-circuits branching off from the incoming mains supply are more likely to have high integrity consumer units. They combine dual RCD protection with extra RCBOs that may be configured in a variety of ways.

3 Phase Distribution Boards

3 phase distribution boards are perfect for all commercial and home applications, providing up to 24-way circuit protection. The 3 phase supply distribution board is suitable for internal and exterior installation.

What is the difference between Type A and Type B Distribution Boards: 

The busbar layout on Type A distribution boards is designed to accept single and/or double pole OCPDs. They usually have a horizontal busbar that accommodates both multi-pole and single-pole OCPDs. The busbar configuration on Type B distribution boards is designed to accept multi-pole and/or single-pole OCPDs.

Now that we understand the different types of distribution boards,  we have created a guide for 3 phase distribution boards.

Three Phase and Neutral (TP&N) Distribution Boards Explained:  

TP&N Distribution Boards have similar functionality as the single phase distribution boards by splitting the feed of electrical power into subsidiary circuits while providing adequate protection. 

The three phase distribution boards are designed for use in commercial environments including warehouses, factories, and other commercial buildings that require three phase power. At Meteor Electrical, we have a wide range of Three phase distribution boards and accessories to suit a variety of projects. Our three phase distribution boards are designed to provide flexibility allowing electricians to design a functional distribution system to protect their electrical systems in a compact enclosure.  

What are the Components of Three Phase Distribution Boards:  

There are different types of components of the three phase distribution board which ensures that electricity is powered with the appropriate amount of electricity throughout your business or home. The components are Main Current Breakers, Miniature Circuit Breakers, Residual Current Circuit Breakers with Overcurrent Protection, Isolators and Bus Bars.  

Main Current Breaker / Main Switch 

The purpose of the main current breaker in three phase electric distribution mcb boards is to limit the amount of electricity within the building to ensure the electricity is controlled from the powerlines. Different appliances within your business or home require different amounts of energy to power them. Therefore, the three phase electric distribution board is designed to divide the right amount of power to your subsidiary circuits to ensure safe distribution of electricity.  

Without the main current breaker, your building could become overwhelmed by the power of uncontrolled electricity which can cause damage to electrical wiring and the appliances. Uncontrolled/overload of electricity can cause serious hazards including causing the appliances to explode and can potentially pose a serious hazard such as an electrical fire. Therefore, a circuit breaker is designed to protect the electrical circuit from damage caused by overcurrent/overload. The circuit breaker also helps increase the safety of end-users. 

Miniature Circuit Breaker  

Miniature circuit breaker (MCB) is a device used to protect the electric circuit from over-current, overload or short circuit of the 3 phase distribution board. Overload can cause the bimetallic strip within the MCB to become overheated and deformed. MCBs are designed to automatically isolate the circuit during an abnormal condition or if a fault has been detected. The purpose of the 3 phase MCB is to prevent damage to the 3 phase distribution board. It is important to understand that the MCBs are not designed to prevent electrical shock for humans therefore, an RCBO will be required. 

At Meteor Electrical, we supply Single Poles and Triple Poles miniature circuit breakers for three phase distribution boards. Our range of miniature circuit breakers are available in different current ratings and characteristics to suit your requirements.  

Garo’s Single Pole 32A Characteristics C 6kA MCB:  

Garo’s Triple Pole 32A Characteristics C 6kA MCB:  

Residual Current Circuit Breaker with Overload Protection  

Residual current circuit breaker with overcurrent protection (RCBO) have the functionality of both RCDs and MCBs. This means the RCBOs are designed to provide protection against earth fault currents, overload and short circuit currents. According to Building Regulations, most buildings are required to have a RCD to protect humans against electrocutions and ensure safe electrical operations. 3 phase distribution boards are required to have RCBOs as the boards aren’t designed to use RCDs.  

Earth leakages are caused by an accidental break in the circuit which can occur during wiring errors and poor DIY jobs. Earth leakages can cause serious health and safety hazards including electric shock. The other type of electrical fault is overcurrent. Overcurrent is caused when an electrical circuit is over the recommended capacity with an electrical appliance, therefore, causing the circuit to overheat and potentially causing an electrical fire. 

The primary function of the three phase RCBOs in distribution boards is to allow for disconnection of unbalanced.  Therefore, RCBOs are designed to ensure the safe operations of electrical circuits, the appliances and the people within the building.  

Isolators  

Isolators are manually controlled devices used to isolate certain areas of the circuit. The main purpose of isolators is to allow electricians to cut off the current in the 3 phase distribtuion board to allow maintenance responsibilities to be carried out without accidents occurring such as electrical shock or damage to the circuit.  

We supply the Garo 125A 4 Pole Isolator for the 3 phase distribution which is CE and EN60937 approved:  

Bus Bar  

Bus bars are often metallic strips of copper or aluminum, used to transfer from the electrical meter to the actual circuits. They are designed to ground and conduct electricity. The design of bus bars makes power distribution easier and less expensive.  

We have two different types of bus bars available on our website for 3 phase distribution, Pin Type or Fork Type.  

Choosing the Correct Three Phase Distribution Board for You:  

We have a range of three phase distribution board boards that can suit a variety of projects including RCBOs, MCBs and accessories to provide comprehensive circuit protection for your home or business. The most popular choice for many people would be the Garo three phase distribution boards. The stylish modern-day design can be integrated into any home or business. All the three phase distribution boards can be fitted with the main switch or RCBOs and comply with BS EN 61439-3 standards.  

Our range of Garo three phase distribution board has many features including:  

1. Modern finish with epoxy power paint to RAL7035 
2. Maximum loading current to 125A  
3. Quick Installation with earth and natural terminals  
4. Fully enclosed busbar system  
5. Complete shrouding for the main incomer  
6. Removable gland plate  
7. Keyhole fixing  

Wiring of 3 Phase Distribution Board: 

Wiring of distribution boards can be challenging.

The three components (Double Pole MCB,  RCD and Single Pole MCB) are commonly found on the 3 Phase Distribution Board to manage and distribute electric power to the many connected appliances through electrical wiring cables and wires.

In the video below the 3 phase distribution board layout and the wiring diagram. The video also discusses when 3 phase power supply is required and when a power distribution requirement cannot be handled by a single-phase power supply. 

Does 3 Phase need a Neutral? 

A neutral wire allows the 3 phase distribution boards to operate at a greater voltage while still supporting single-phase appliances that require lesser voltage. It is typical to not have a neutral line in high voltage distribution since the loads can simply be linked between phases.

Shop our Garo's 3 Phase Distribution Boards Today: 

Check out our Garo three phase distribution boards on our website! For more information on purchasing one of our three phase distribution boards, RCBOs, MCBS, or accessories send an email at [email protected] or speak to one of our friendly advisors on the live chat. Our team is always available to support you on your 3 phase distribution board inquiries.  

Three Phase RCBO

A Three-Phase Residual Current Circuit Breaker with Overcurrent protection (Three-Phase RCBO) is an electrical device designed to protect electrical circuits and equipment in three-phase systems. Here are key points about Three-Phase RCBOs:

1. Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) Function:

   • A Three-Phase RCBO incorporates the functions of both a residual current device (RCD) and a miniature circuit breaker (MCB).
   • The RCCB component monitors the electrical current flowing through the live and neutral conductors. If an imbalance is detected, indicating a leakage or fault to ground, the RCCB quickly disconnects the circuit, minimizing the risk of electric shock.

2. Overcurrent Protection (MCB Function):

   • The MCB function provides protection against overcurrents, such as short circuits and overloads, in the three-phase system.
   • In case of excessive current flow beyond the rated capacity of the circuit, the overcurrent protection function of the RCBO will trip and disconnect the power to prevent damage to the equipment and wiring.

3. Three-Phase Application:

   • Three-Phase RCBOs are specifically designed for three-phase electrical systems commonly used in industrial and commercial settings.
   • In a three-phase system, there are three live conductors, and a Three-Phase RCBO monitors the currents in each of these phases to ensure balanced protection.

4. Installation and Compatibility:

   • Three-Phase RCBOs are typically installed in the distribution board or electrical panel.
   • It's crucial to ensure that the RCBO is compatible with the specific three-phase system and meets the requirements of local electrical codes and standards.

5. Advantages:

   • Combining both residual current protection and overcurrent protection in a single device simplifies the electrical installation and reduces the need for separate components.
   • Provides comprehensive protection against electrical faults, making it a valuable safety feature in three-phase electrical systems.

6. Application Areas:

   • Commonly used in industrial facilities, commercial buildings, and other settings where three-phase power distribution is prevalent.
   • Suitable for protecting circuits that power machinery, equipment, and systems operating on a three-phase supply.

When considering the installation of a Three-Phase RCBO, it's essential to consult with a qualified electrician to ensure proper compatibility, adherence to local electrical codes, and optimal protection for the specific three-phase electrical system in use.

What is Phase 3 Electricity?

In conclusion, Phase 3 electricity refers to a three-phase electrical system, which is a common method of electrical power transmission and distribution. In a three-phase system, there are three live conductors, often labeled as Phase 1, Phase 2, and Phase 3, and a neutral conductor. Each phase is electrically separated by 120 degrees in a full cycle, providing a continuous and smoother power supply compared to a single-phase system.

Three-phase electricity is widely used in industrial and commercial applications, as it allows for the efficient distribution of power over long distances and the operation of heavy machinery. The balanced distribution of loads across the three phases helps in optimizing power generation and consumption.

In a three-phase system, the voltage between any two phases is higher than the voltage of a single phase. Common voltage configurations for three-phase systems include 208V, 240V, 480V, and 600V, depending on the application and regional standards. The use of three-phase electricity is prevalent in various sectors such as manufacturing, construction, and large-scale power distribution grids.